Starting device for explosion-engines



N. HERZMAHK.

STARTING DEVICE FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

APPLICATION min FEB. 11. 19:9.

1,366, 180. Patented Jam 18, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET i.

Figi

NYENTOR N/coL/vs HERZMHRK -B/MM #fron/ve: 1/5' N. HEIIZMARK.

STARTING DEVICE FOR EXPLSIVE ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED FEB. II, i919.

1,366,180, Patented Jan. 18, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

/NvfN-rof? /V/c oww HERzM/MK NICOLAS HEILZM'ABK, or PARIS",` FRANCE.

STARTING "DEVICE Fon `EXPIosioN-nneiuns. y

lSpecification ofLetters Patent.

\ Application ined February "i1, 191e. serial licensees.

To all 'w/'tomct may concern.'

Be it known that I NICOLAS resident of l1 Rue` Labie, Paris, lirance, have invented new anduseful'Impi-ovements in a Starting Device for Explosion-iihigines,`

\ of which the following' is a specication.

The present invention relates to La starter` for multiple cylinder explosion engines, and

is of a type comprising not onlyan indica-1 tor having a group of electric lamps corre` .i

spondingito the different cylinders and indicating, through their severallilluminations 1 in sequence,the functioning of" the several cylinders as explosion cylinders, but also a distributer which serves to admit `a charge of explosive mixture to one or moreof the cylinders ofthe engine.

This distributer, according to the present invention, permits a supply of explosive mixture to be sucked from the carbureter` and to be then discharged simultaneously into.` the cylinder (or groupiof` cylinders) functioning as the explosion cylinder in the position in which the enginelies and Valso into the cylinder (or cylinder group) functioning as the compression cylinder.` The pistons in these cylinders are thus main` tained in equilibrium up to `the moment when the ignition spark is dashed in the plcsion cylinder (orcylinder group). p

The present distributer comprises a pump cylinder rotatable around its axis to bring a pointer thereon opposite any one of the group of indicator lamps for the cylinders of the engine. iVhen vbrought to position opposite the lighted lamp which `indicates the explosion cylinder, the distributer simultaneously establishes communication between the pump chamber and carbureter passage,

on the one hand, and on the other handbe tween the pump chamber andboth the ex-` plosion cylinder (or cylinder group) `and the compression cylinder The controlling handflever" for the distributer actuates contacts which, when "the hand-lever is brought from the position 1n whichits pointer is opposite rthenlamp which is glowing, to its position of dead po1`nt,"` momentarily closes a high tension` circuiti Hnnzrmnx, a citizen ofthe Republic of France and a 1 nections of thendicator device.

Y (or cylinder group). The operation `of the pump thereeratentea Jan. "1S, 1921."

which causes ignition of thecharge in the y firing .stroke cylinder (or cylinders ofthe set u rihe annexed drawing and the` following A description relate to one form, by way of example,`ofzcarrying out the invention inl its application to a` four-cylinder engine. r Figures l and 1,'placed end to end, show in axial section the pumpebarrel with the indicating'and `distributing devices, the latter being in the `positionin Whichit iscon` nected,` for starting up purposes, with the cylinder' of the motor in which the explosion stroke is occurring. i

`Figs.2, 8 and 4 are cross sections in parallel planes on respectively lines 2-2,133, 4-4 of Fig. l. M i I Fig.` 5 is a sectionon line 5--5 of Fig.4.

Fig 6 shows diagrammatically the;` con! Fig. 7 shows diagrammaticallythe con nectionsfof the circuit for the ignition of the charge of mixture forced into the cylin-f der in which the explosion stroke is taking place. I

The distributer consists of a single-acting pumpbarrel @containing a piston al which can be` actuated from theexterior b means of a handle a2; this pump barrelen s at one of its extremities in a plug b having several passages, exactly ground into the female portion orbush o of the distributer cock; at its other extremity the pum barrel a is fast with a handle l which ena les the barrel to be turned about its axis -a' in its cylindrical casing as and thus to bring passages hollowed out in the plug bopposite passages,` formed inthe thickness of the which is on the compression stroke in the position in which the motor has previously stopped.

In order to recognize in which cylinder the explosion strokei is occurring, thehfollowing indicator device is utilized; (it is to be supposed that the order of firing of the cylinders 1, 2, 3, el, is 1*, 2, 4, `3.) In a collar at of insulating material xedupon the cas- Y ing a3, Gonc-entrically the. pump-barrel i @are arranged four electric bulbs or lamps f l 2413 ilV corresponding With the four cylin-` V ders l, 2, 3, t, and arranged inthe order of working of the latter: (see Fig.Y 6).l These bulbs have all the sainepole formed by a Y split ring y. tted in the insulating collar ai4 (Figs. lf'and'). `rlihe otherpole of each 01"' the bulbs is connected (Fig. 6) to a sector respectively h1 ft2 h3 h4 and these sectors are insulated inthe bottom of the cover of the distributer or" the magneto secondary current. In the bottom of this sanie'cover :is also -otherpolie of thebattery 7i. so

Y between the ring. I@ and the corresoo y.When theihandg-lever d is actuated, enables located, concentricallyrwith these sectors, ringyk directly connected to one offthe "polespotthebattery ,It serving to light the bulbsz'flffiftt; Contact is established bc,- tweenathis, ring.. 7c andV that ofthe sectors lol-h2 h3. '/tlfcorresponding with the cylinder ini-.Which the explosion stroke is taking place, by afbridge'or bar Z, arranged, between the ring 7c and.` the sectors, upon the carboirearrier of the distribiuiterY of the magjneto and turning With'th'e latter.

Arringj (Fig. 6), alsoinonnted.in-'tte insulating collareA1 1n a `plane parallel with and adjacentto that in which the Vsplit ring;` g isfsltuated, isvelectrieallyY connected to the Ycontact in ltheformY of a bridge m, arranged cxteriorljvof thepumpfbarrel a betweentherings g 'andy-'and' turning' With the pump-.barrel a contactto beestablished between the r g and j and consequently to complete closing of thecircuit for the lamp Y yz'I i 2"*` for Which Contact has been establi Ysplit portion `of the ring g,' this position will .be hereafter termed deadpoint positi'ol?A and also corresponds-With that for which,` thefplug Z;- otthe distributer, fast c Withfthishandfleverd,has none of its passages oppositethe passages in the bush .c of thendistributer-cock 'as will be hereinafter explained. Itis Ato be noted that the bulbs 1jr? ist* vare also diyided around the upper 4part, of the 'insulatingV collar of, these bulbs being situated Vat an angle of 72 one from anotherexcept the two extreme ones (i3 and @"'Llwhich are separated by a double angle, beingarranged eachat 72 starting from the positionfofv dead 'point ot' the hand-lever, that isto say from line 0 0 (Fig. 6).

In order to bring the plug of the dis' tributerinto the position in which its passagesalloiv suction ot the inixture from the carbureter into the pump-barrel a and its forcing simultaneously into the firing'- strole cylinder and the. compres-noiir-strolte cylinder, l. niahe use ot the following; arranaenienh-lhe bush e or ixed i'enxaie portion oi the distributor cfa-.l comprises, in a plane perpendicular to the axis n: a' (Figs. and'Q), a suction passage c1 connected with the carlnireter by a pipe (not shown) which includes a non-return valve, which allows` suction o'l" the explosive. mixture 'i'roai the carbureter to take place into the pump-h: rel L but piteients any 'forcing` of the. n1 ture into the carbuifeter; this pasfae'e el is situated in the vertical plane o-ff pm through the axis :if-af. that is in say in the. plane` correspoin'ling` with the position oi" dead point et the hand-le. er nl. ""he plug '1 is itted, in the saine. plane pi .p io the axis .QJ-:i0 as the passage el.

vfi'li toni' passages 1 which are separated o'ne from the other by T20 except the tivo end par@ sages which are at a double distance apart: when the hand-lever (l is in the position ot dead point (as shown by dotted linesl hie'. 2), none of, the passages (il oi' the plugr is opposite the suction passage ,f in the buen..

The bush c is provided, in another plane perpendicular to its axis oi rotation .1; .1; (Figs. l and with four passages e: connected to the cylinders ol they motors t b v pipes c] with non-return valves 0L. permitting charging,- from the punip-barrel into these cylinders and prerenting the return ot the mixture or the burnt ga e into the puinpbarrel. These four passages c2 are exactly arranged in the saine manner as the indicating bulbs l 2 3 it in the insulatingy collar at; that is to say they are divided at the upper part of' the bush e at angles oi.' 'T20 one ironi another except the tvvo extreme ones which are divided by a doublrl angle, each of 720 from the )ositien center, that is to say frein the vertie 0 0 passing` through the axis in the saine plane perpendicular to the axis :n as the passages c2, there are i'fornied. in the plug,r l), tivo passages Zug `(forming between theni an angle equal to that seoarating tiva adjoining passages c2, that to .say Til. llihen the hand-lever nl is in the dead point position (as shown in Fig. 4i), the plug :C which is integral therewith, hasv neither or" its two passages 722 opposite a pase e in the bush; one of the passagns L2 nneriel upwardly, in the vertical plane pmi-asin@ through the axis nahm. while 'he other sage is 'T20 toward the left sin. ne' therefrom. l

rEhe tvvo passages b2 communicate betiveeii them and with the passages L1 by a passage h3' formed in the axis .fnfu of the plug 7 which connects them with the interior of the pump-barrel cleeleof A The motor being stopped, let us suppose that the hand-lever d is turned starting from i3. Thus the motor is stoppedwith thecor` responding cylinder, viz. cylinder 3, ready for theexplosion orffirine1 stroke (by) reason of the order of Workin@ 1, 2, `14:, 3, of the cylinders, in cylinder l, the compression stroke is taking place). It is sufficient to bring the pointercl1 of the hand-lever d opposite this bulb 3 which is incandescent, in orderthat the two passages c? of` the bush corresponding with the cylinders 1 and l and thatone of the passages b1` of the plug should be located opposite the passage c1` of the bush communicating withthe carbureter. By bringing the pointer d? of the hand-lever d to the bulb 3, the plug Z) is turned by Had-15) of a turn toward the right, starting from the position shown in Figs. 2 and its two `passages bzywcorne opposite the passages c2 connected withthe cylinders 3 .f and l, and apassage-,bi1 comes opposite` the passage c1 connected `vviththe carlnirelter;``

it is` sunicient then `to pullout the `handle a? of the piston a1 in order to suckinto the pump-barrel a suitable charge Iof mixture by means of c1 t1 Z13 and thento push back` `the piston al in order to force this charge into the cylinders 3 `and 1 by the` passages b3 Z22 c? and the corresponding pipes el.

Suppose that in cylinder Vl the explosion :j stroke is taking place and the compression stroke in cylinder 2; by bringing' the pointer Z1 of the hand-lever tinto `the bulb 1, the

plug b hasI been `turned b. ,lo-th of a turn toward the right` starting` rom the position shown in Figs. 2 and d, and suction can be effected through` c1` Znl `and :forcing in of the charge through the Atwo passages?)2 and the two passagesc2 corresponding with these cylinders. f1 i i i If the bulb 'i2 becomes incandescent, `the cylinder 2is ready for the explosion stroke and in the cylinder Il the compression stroke is taking place; bybringing the pointerdl to 'this bulb 2, `the plug is turned by lgth of a turn to the left, starting from the position shown in Figs. 2 and a and thus the necessary communications are/obtained.

In order to load or charge simultaneously cylinder a (firing stroke) and cylinder 3 (compression stroke), if the plug b is turned -sk of a revolution toward the left, starting from the `position shown in Figs. 2 and 4, by bringing the pointer Z1 of the hand-lever to the lamp 4, a single one of the passages Lb2 (Fig, 4) will be opposite passage c2 corresponding with cylinder 4;' in order to permit the chargin of cylinder 3 (compression stroke), the fol owing arrangement is utilized; the bush c comprises (Fig. 3) a supplementary passage c inthe same angular position as the passager? corresponding with the cylinder" 3 (that` isto say at 72 toward the right, starting from the vertical plane 0-0 pass ing through the axis r-m) but in a plane perpendicular to the axis `m different from` those of the passages c2 or of the pas` sage` cl; this passage c is connecterhin the thickness of the bush, with the charging passage c2 corresponding With the cylinder 3 (Figo). i A supplementary passage b is formed in the plug!) in the same plane perpendicular to the axis wer- `as this passage c but at 36D toward the left starting from the vertical plane 0-0 passii'lg through the axis .r ai (Fig. 3). By causing the plug to turn to the extent of -Q 2y toward the left starting Jfrom the position shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and 4: (which has been automatically effected by bringing the pointer Z1 0i thehand-lever to the incandescent bulb 4) the passage t oi? the plug is brought opposite the passage c ol: the bush, so that the. forcing of the mixture intothe` cylinder 3 is eiiected `from the pump-barrel by the passages 7)? t c. and the passage c? corresponding with this cylinder, While the charging oi cylinder 4l is eiected directly by the corresponding passages b3 b2 c?. i; i

It is to be understoodthat this arrangement of the `passages in the distributor cock has been given only by Way of example (with a view to having to turn the `plug through anangle as small as possible) but` there may be made in the arrangement any vdesired modifications enabling the same reoccurring, by a simple movement of the hand-lever d lamps. i i

In order to effect the` ignition of' the charge oi mixture iorced into the cylinders `relatively to the indicating for the firing stroke only, the following ar` rangement is employed :ein the insulating collar a* oil thecasing a ofthe pump-barrel` are secured terminals or studs of small size in two pairs o?, a situated on each side of the dead point of the hand-lever Z (Figs. l and 7) in each pair, one of theterminals is connected as at al through the magneto to the sparking `plugs ot the cylinders While the otherterminal is connected as at a2 toa high tension coil (which might be replaced by a hand-operated magneto.) Opposite these pairs of terminals n a are tivo other pairs of terminals p 7), of low tension; in each pair one of the terminals is connected as ati v1-to oneof thepoles ot thebattery 7i, (Fig-*6), while the other terminal 1s connec'ted as at p2' to the low tension terminal of the coil, from which a conductor returns. to the other pole ofthe battery 7i.A `When the hand-'lever Z is brought back, from the l position yin which-its pointer all is opposite-one of the indicating lamps, into its position ot' dead1 point, thatV isv into-y the vertical' plane 0 0, small bridge` Q, arranged exteriorly on the pump barrelc and insulated therefrom, ,passes between one-ontlieiother of the pairs ot terminalsp lp and-thus-closes the lowtension 'circuiti ofv thercoil; the :high tension current-thus produced passes through a sinallbridge piece r, arranged in an insulated manneron the pump-barrel @,between the pairs oli-terminals n n et thecoilthrough the magneto to the sparking plug of the iringfstroke cylinder. The" division of the high tension conductor Ainto twoparts each connected to one pair of terminals 'u n (Figi 7 enables thel high tension current, coinin from Athe magneto durino` the working i h D 'of the engine, to be prevented from passingV lever d is at its position oi dead point or when the pointer (l1 of the lever al is opposite one or the other ofthe indicating lamps; itisv only when the Vhand-lever is brought back to its position of dead point, after having been brought withV its pointer Z1 directed toward the lamp which is incandescent, that thebridges. or contacts g and r pass betweenthe pairs of terminals n n.v and f 79 p, andtliatthecircuit for the ignition ot v thefiring-strolre cylinder is closed during a veryY short time, sufficient tor the spark to occur in this cylinder.

In order to. start the motor it is sutiil cient- (1) tomove'the hand-lieverd from itsdead point position 0-0 until one of .the indicating lamps is lighted; (2) to bring thepointer (Z1 olf the lever d opposite this lamp (the distributer is by the same action broughtinto the position in which a charge ot'iniiture can be drawn into the pump-barrel and forced into the lii vig-stroke cylinder and compreesion-stroite cylinder): (3)

Yafterward to bring the hand-lever to its Yat?4 the vsparking plug oic the firing-stroke yposition of dead point so that a spai'lrpasses cylinder (the ignition circuit' lia-ving been momentarily closed by the bridges or contacts g and r between the pairs of terminals 2i 7J and 7i n by this movement of the hand-- lever). The motor thus started immediately receives a new impulse by'rcason ot the i gnition of the charge forced bythe distributor into the compression-,stroke cylinder.v

For the-application of the invention to a motor comprising groups of several cylinders working simultaneously with the same strokes, it: issuiiicient to connect cachot the passages cito the cylinders ot each corresponding group each indicating lain p corresponding to the different cylinders of each group.

in the following claims itis to be understood that where the context iendeis such a construction appropriate, the word cylinder is used-in a sense broad enough to include a group-oiC cylinders simultaneously functioning in the saine manner in the engine cycle.

Having now particularly desciibed and ascertained the nature of my'said invention and in what manner the saine is to be performed, I declarethat what I claim is l. A starter lfor multi-cylinder explosion engines, comprising an indicator disclosing the explosion cylinder of the engine, a rotatable pump casing having a pointei' adapted to-be brought into various predetermined positions with respect to the indicator, a valve associatedwith the pump casing and moving therewith, aseat for said valve having an inlet passage for leading the explosive mixture to the pump and distributing passages leading from the pump to the sev: eral cylinders of the'engine, said valve hav- .ing passages communicating, in predetermined positions of the pump located by the indicator, with the inlet for the explosiver mixtureand the distributing passages leadingto the explosion and compression cylinders of the i engine.

Q ln the construction specified in claim l, the said indicator comprising a group of electric lamps corresponding in number with the cylinders oi the engine, normally open circuits therefor, and a Contact device for closing the circuit oit' the lamp corresponding-tothe explosion cylinder.

3. In combination with the structure spcciiied in claim 1, an ignition device 'for cach of the cylinders, and contacts associated with the pump casing automatically closingsaid ignitioncircuit in the explosion cylinder upon the rotation of the pump casing to the neutral oi' Zero position ot its associated indicator.

ln testimony whereof l have signed my name to this specification. l

y NICOLAS HERZMARK. Witnesses CHARLES DoNN, U. DEFVRIMONT. 

